Mittelschmerz occurs when the follicle — a tiny sac in the ovary that contains an egg — ruptures and releases the egg. Overall, about 20 percent of women experience some type of ovulation pain, according to Dr. Before the egg is released, the follicle grows. This may stretch the surface of the ovary, causing pain. Because the ovaries have no openings, there may be some pain when the egg breaks through the ovary wall. Mild bleeding spotting or vaginal discharge may occur during this time.
Some women may also experience nausea, especially if the cramping is severe. Mid-cycle pain is most common in adolescents and women in their twenties, but it can occur all the way up to age On the other hand, mid-cycle pain may also help women who would rather not get pregnant. Ovulation pain. Some women get a one-sided pain in their lower abdomen when they ovulate.
Symptoms of ovulation pain The pain can be a dull cramp or a sharp and sudden twinge. When to see your doctor See your GP if the pain is severe or you're worried. Treatments for painful ovulation Painful ovulation can usually be eased by simple remedies like soaking in a hot bath or taking an over-the-counter painkiller, such as paracetamol. If you're in a lot of discomfort, talk to your GP about other treatment options.
Is ovulation pain anything to worry about? Some of the underlying causes can result in fertility problems that can prevent you getting pregnant: endometriosis — an inflammatory disease that affects the ovaries and fallopian tubes that can also cause pain during ovulation scar tissue — if you've had surgery for example, a caesarean section or your appendix out , scar tissue can cause ovulation pain by restricting the ovaries and surrounding structures sexually transmitted infections STIs — STIs like chlamydia can cause inflammation and scarring around the fallopian tubes, leading to ovulation pain Why does ovulation pain happen?
Ovulation involves a follicular cyst swelling and then rupturing to release the egg after a surge in luteinizing hormone LH goes through your body. After the egg is released, the fallopian tube contracts to help it reach awaiting sperm for fertilization. Blood and other fluid from the ruptured follicle may also enter the abdominal cavity and pelvis during this process and cause irritation. The sensation can range from a dull ache to sharp twinges. It may be accompanied by spotting or other discharge.
If your pain becomes severe or happens at other points in your cycle, check in with your doctor. Try keeping track of when and where you feel the discomfort, how long it lasts, and any other associated symptoms. Keeping a record can help you and your doctor figure out the underlying cause. If your midcycle pain persists, your doctor can perform different tests to identify the source and offer treatment to help.
An ovarian cyst can cause a number of symptoms, from cramping and nausea, to bloating. Some cysts may cause no symptoms at all. Dermoid cysts , cystadenomas , and endometriomas are other, less common types of cysts that might cause pain. Another condition called polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS is marked by many small cysts on the ovaries.
Untreated PCOS can cause infertility. Your doctor may order a CT scan , MRI , or ultrasound to help determine if you have a cyst and what type it is. Many cysts resolve on their own without medical intervention. If they grow or are abnormal, though, cysts can lead to complications and may need to be removed.
Endometriosis is a painful condition where tissue similar to the inner lining of the uterus grows outside the uterine cavity. Areas affected become irritated when the lining tissue responds to hormones during your cycle, causing bleeding and inflammation outside of the uterus. You may develop scar tissue or endometriosis adhesions that are particularly painful during your period.
A prior infection in the uterus can also cause these adhesions. You can also develop Asherman syndrome with no known cause. These are surgical procedures that let doctors see directly inside your uterus or pelvis.
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